Advanced Topics of Lightning and Transient Protection
Expected Outcome: At the end of this course the participant will be able to address transient issues related to high risk and specific installations, prepare BOQs and evaluate products and quotations, supervise installation and commissioning of protection systems, keep proper maintenance records and maintain safety guidelines for workers, develop company policies with regard to transient safety of equipment and systems.
Topic 1
Protection of high-risk installations (Petrochemical utility)
Description
Case studies of lightning triggered accidents in the petrochemical industry from Mexico, Egypt, and Malaysia, bound charge problem in petrochemical storages, protection of floating roof and fixed roof tanks, sparking of floating electrodes in fibrous, dusty, fumy, and other inflammable environments, induced voltages in pipelines due to lightning currents in nearby overhead lines, a dangerous potential rise in pipelines and storages due to lightning current injection to nearby ground, Earthing in a sulfur-rich environment.
Topic 2
Protection of communication tower and base transmission station (BTS)
Description
Protection of towers structure, surge filters for tower top equipment, Protection of the navigation warning light, Shielding and bonding of signal wires, sheath termination, grounding network, and ring conductor, surge protection of BTS equipment, a case study from India on earthing a tower station on a high resistive rock, effects of towers to the neighborhood, Site inspection and maintenance.
Topic 3
Protection of a wind farm
Description
Site selection and pre-construction concerns, designing of foundation for earthing, protection of blades, sacrificial towers, design concerns of down conductors for horizontal and vertical types, bonding and shielding of control/sensor cabling, surge protection and ground referencing for generator, transformer, and power collection system, protection of pitch bearings and main shaft bearings Multiple-level surge protection or fiber-optic links for site-wide communication systems, a case study from Denmark.
Topic 4
Engineer’s perspective on lightning Protection
Description
Familiarizing with inspection and maintenance checklists, preparation of BOQs, evaluation, and selection of quotations, overseeing and supervision of installation and commissioning market issues and purchasing concerns, strategic planning for the protection of extensions and future installations, the concept of turnkey solution Vs partial or stepwise solution criteria.
Topic 5
Discussion on miscellaneous topics (Interactive session)
Description
Lightning protection of naval and aviation systems, protection of ammunition dumps, coupling of lightning electromagnetic fields with buried cables, EMI/EMC of defense and civil systems, Forensic analysis of lightning accidents for insurance and self-auditing purposes, Corrosive effects of interconnection of different metals, sleeves for metals in soil, other deleterious effects of lightning.